Facial Fractures

Facial Fractures

 If you break a bone in your face, you may have minor problems or major problems. The bones affect breathing, eating and speaking. You may need surgery to get back to normal. It's essential to contact your doctor immediately if you think you have facial fractures.

What is a facial fracture Surgery?

A facial fracture may be a broken bone within the face. The face has a complex bone structure. The facial skeleton consists of the:

• Frontal bone (forehead).
• Zygomas (cheekbones).
• Orbital bones (eye sockets).
• Nasal bones.
• Maxillary bones (upper jaw).
• Mandible (lower jaw).

Many other bones are found deeper within the facial structure. Muscles required for chewing, swallowing and talking are attached to those bones.

Nasal fractures (broken nose) are the most common. Fractures to other facial bones can also occur. You might only have one fracture, or you might have several broken bones. Multiple fractures are more likely to occur during a motor vehicle accident or other high-impact accident. Fractures may be unilateral (occurring on one side of the face) or bilateral (occurring on both sides of the beginning).

Is a facial fracture Surgery a severe problem?

If you suffer from a facial injury, you ought to seek immediate medical attention. Some fractures are minor. However, complex fractures may cause irreversible damage and may even be life-threatening.

Located near the bones in your face are the nerves and muscles responsible for sensations, expressions, and eye movements. The powers and nerves are located near to the facial bones. The look is close to the brain and central nervous system (CNS). Fractures may damage cranial nerves, depending on the particular type and location of the fracture. Fractures to the orbit (eye socket) may end in problems with vision. Fractures of the nose may make it difficult for the injured person to breathe or smell. Also, the jawbones' fractures may cause breathing problems or make it difficult to chew, speak, or swallow.

What are the kinds of facial fractures Surgery?

There are several main types of facial fractures Surgery.

Nasal bones (broken nose): nasal fractures are the foremost common sort of facial fracture. The nasal is formed from two thin bones. It takes less force to break the nasal bones than other facial bones because they are light and prominent. Usually, the nose looks deformed or feels sore to the touch after a fracture. Swelling in the area might make it more difficult to assess how much damage has occurred. Nosebleeds and bruising around the nose are common symptoms of a nasal fracture.

Frontal bone (forehead) fractures: The frontal bone is the prominent bone in the forehead area. A high-impact injury to the head can cause a fracture of the sinuses' frontal bone and floor. The fracture is most likely to occur in the middle of the forehead. That's where the bone is the thinnest and weakest. An injury may cause the bone to be indented (pushed inward). Substantial force must fracture the frontal bone, so other injuries to the face and skull or neurological trauma may often be present. Associated problems may include leakage of the cerebrospinal fluid, eye injuries and damage to the sinus ducts.

Zygomaticomaxillary fractures (broken cheekbone/upper jaw): The zygomas (cheekbones) are attached at several points to the upper jawbone (maxilla) and bones of the skull. Fractures to the cheekbone(s) may additionally involve breaks in other facial bones nearby.

Orbital fractures (eye socket): There are three primary sorts of orbital fractures.

Orbital rim fracture: The outer rim is that the thickest a part of the attention socket. It requires a lot of force to break the bone. Many other injuries may accompany an orbital rim fracture, like damage to the nervus opticus.

Blowout fractures: The orbital rim remains intact during this case, but a crack forms within the thin bone at the lower a part of the attention socket. The eye muscles and other structures can become entrapped in the break and prevent the eyeball from moving.

Natural orbital floor fracture: This is a rim fracture that extends into the lower socket.

Mid-face (Le Fort fractures): Blunt force trauma tends to cause fractures along three weakness lines within the mid-face. One characteristic of all Le Fort fractures is the fracture of the pterygoid processes, part of the sphenoid bone. There are three primary sorts of 

Le Fort fractures, but there could also be individual variations.

Le Fort I: The fracture extends above the upper jawbone (maxilla).

Le Fort II: The fracture extends from the lower a part of one cheek, below the attention, across the nose's bridge, and lower a part of the opposite cheek.

Le Fort III: The fracture extends across the nose's bridge and the bones surrounding the eyes.

• Mandible (lower jaw): The mandible holds the lower teeth in place and moves when you are talking or chewing. Fractures of the mandible affect the sections of the mandible that supports teeth (called the body), the part where the jaw curves upwards into the neck (the angle) or the knob-shaped joint at the top of the jaw bone (the condyle) or the point where the two sides of the lower jaw are joined (the symphysis). If you've got an opportunity within the mandible, you'll even have broken or loose teeth.

What causes facial fractures?

You can break the bones in your face in many ways, including:

High-impact accidents, such as motor vehicle accidents.

Sports injuries.

Workplace accidents.

Falls.

Interpersonal trauma like fighting or domestic violence.

What are the symptoms of a facial fracture?

Symptoms of a fracture to the face may include pain also as bruising, swelling or tenderness.

Symptoms of a nose fracture may include:

Purplish patch on the skin caused when blood leaks from broken blood vessels (also called bruising or ecchymosis).

Discolouration under the eyes ("black eyes").

Blockage of one or both nostrils or a deviated septum.

Twisted or crooked nose or indented bridge.

Nosebleed.

Symptoms of an orbital fracture may include:

Blurry, decreased or double vision (diplopia).

Difficulty in moving eyes left, right, up or down.

Swollen forehead or cheek or swelling under the eyes.

The flatness of the cheeks.

Sunken or bulging eyeballs.

Facial numbness near the injury.

Blood or discolouration in the white part of the eye.

Symptoms of upper or lower jaw fractures:

The trouble with chewing, eating, or speaking.

Loose, broken or missing teeth.

Teeth not fitting together correctly.

Cheek pain when opening the mouth.